A 20year old with Headache,Vomiting and neck stiffness

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I have been given this case to solve in an attempt to understand the topic of " patient clinical data analysis" to develop my competency in reading and comprehending clinical data including history, clinical findings, investigations and come up with diagnosis and treatment plan.This is an a online e log book to discuss our patient de-identified health data shared after taking his / her / guardians signed informed consent. Here we discuss our individual patients problems through series of inputs from available global online community of experts with an aim to solve those patients clinical problem with collective current best evident based input.

P.Manogna, Roll no.120

CASE REPORT

A 20 year old female came to the OPD with 

On 1/12/22

chief complaints of:

Headache since 3days

Vomitings since 3days

Neck Stiffness  since 3days

History of presenting illness

Patient was apparently asymptomatic 3months back, she came to our hospital with complaints of bilateral pedal edema,hyperpigmented macules,fever,cough,SOB,decreased urinary output,abdominal distention and loss of ability to speak- she was diagnosed with SLE and treated accordingly all the above symptoms were relieved and was discharged.

She again came to the hospital 3days back with complaints of headache,neck stiffness and vomiting.Headache which was sudden in onset,diffuse, dragging type of pain associated with neck stiffness with pain,which was present throughout the day,she had vomitings 3-4 episodes which was after consuming food, non-bilious, non-projectile,food as content not associated with any abdominal pain Or abdominal discomfort.

No fever,altered sensorium,blurring of vision,

No history of trauma

Past history: 

No similar complaints in past.

Not a k/c/o diabetes,hypertension, asthma,TB,epilepsy

Family history: 

No significant family history 

Personal history:

She wakes up at 5:00Am and sleeps at 9:00pm,from recovery she is not doing any work.She was on I.V fluids the first two days, on 3rd day she had fruits(grapes)for breakfast, afternoon milk and rice and curd for dinner, on 4th day she had rice and curd for breakfast, afternoon had rice with bottle guard curry and dinner rice with curd.

Diet:mixed 

Appetite: normal

Sleep:adequate

Bowel and bladder movements:regular

General examination

Patient is conscious,coherent,cooperative and well oriented with time,place,person.

She is moderately built and nourished 

Pallor is present 

Facial puffiness is present with stary look

Previous rashes susbsided

No signs of clubbing,cyanosis,generalised lymphadenopathy 

Vitals: 

Temperature- Afebrile

Pulse rate- 76bpm

BP- 140/100mmHg

RR-16cpm

GRBS-140mg/dl










On local examination: 

CNS: 


HIGHER MENTAL FUNCTIONS:

Conscious, oriented to time place and person.

MMSE 30/30

speech :

Behavior :

Memory : Intact.

Intelligence : Normal

Lobar Functions : 

No hallucinations or delusions.

CRANIAL NERVE EXAMINATION:

1st : Normal

2nd : visual acuity is normal

           visual field is normal

            colour vision normal

            fundal glow present.

3rd,4th,6th : pupillary reflexes present.

                      EOM full range of motion present

                      gaze evoked Nystagmus present.

5th : sensory intact

                      motor intact

7th : normal

8th : No abnormality noted.

9th,10th : palatal movements present and equal.

11th,12th : normal.

MOTOR EXAMINATION: 
                     Right                              Left

                     UL       LL                 UL      LL

   BULK  Normal Normal   Normal Normal

   TONE  Normal Hypotonia Normal Hypotonia

   POWER      5 /5            5 /5               5/5          5/5

   SUPERFICIAL REFLEXES:

   CORNEAL present                          present       

   CONJUNCTIVAL present               present

   ABDOMINAL present

   PLANTAR flexor plantar reflex flexor plantar reflex

   DEEP TENDON REFLEXES:
                                          R       L

   BICEPS                           2+   2+

   TRICEPS                         2+ 2+

   SUPINATOR                  2+ 2+

   KNEE                               3+ 3+
 
   ANKLE                             2+  2+
    
Patellar clonus right side: absent
                             Left side: absent 

SENSORY EXAMINATION:  

SPINOTHALAMIC SENSATION:

Crude touch:present

pain:present

temperature: 

DORSAL COLUMN SENSATION:

Fine touch:present

Vibration:present 

Proprioception:present

CORTICAL SENSATION:

Two point discrimination:present

Tactile localisation:present

steregnosis

graphasthesia.





CEREBELLAR EXAMINATION:

  Finger nose test: co ordination present

  Heel knee test: present 

  Dysdiadochokinesia



  Rebound phenomenon :absent

  Nystagmus

  Titubation: absent

  Speech:absent 

  Rhombergs test:

SIGNS OF MENINGEAL IRRITATION: absent

GAIT: normal


Reflexes: 


https://youtu.be/zzTFR1PCKeM


https://youtu.be/w0HCGIeM9-M


https://youtube.com/shorts/uX5VmkJl-dI?feature=share


Abdomen:soft,non tender no organomegaly

CVS: s1,s2 heard no added murmurs

Respiratory:bilateral airway entry is present,vesicular breath sounds heard

Provisional diagnosis:
Lupus nephritis

Investigations:



On 1/12/22:



USG:


ECG:






On 2/12/22:




CUE
24hr urine protein on admission- 1,090(Normal<150)
Volume-400ml
Blood urea-64(Normal:12-42)

Treatment: 


Tab paracetamol 500mg PO TID

Tab warfarin 5mg PO BD

Tab Hydroxychloroquine 200mg PO OD

Tab azathioprine 50mg PO BD

Inj zofer 4mg iv BD

Tab prednisolone 20mg PO OD, 10mg PO OD

Syrup sucralfate 15ml PO BD


On 2-12-2022

Tab paracetamol 500mg PO TID

Tab warfarin 5mg PO BD

Tab Hydroxychloroquine 200mg PO OD

Tab azathioprine 50mg PO BD

Inj zofer 4mg iv TID

Tab prednisolone 20mg PO OD, 10mg PO OD

Tramadal -1 amp IV

Normal saline -100ml IV

Syrup sucralfate 15ml PO BD

Injection mannitol-100 ml IV

Injection monocef, tranexemic acid


Reference blog of 1st admission:

https://chandanaracharollno128.blogspot.com/2023/03/1801006137-short-case.html


 











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